1111 Words5 Pages. Ramses served as his father's regent from a young age. When it comes to 21st century notoriety, Ramses the Great – who reigned from 1279 through 1213 BCE – only has one serious rival, King Tutankhamun, Sullivan said. Abdera. He was the third pharaoh of the New Kingdom's Nineteenth Dynasty and immortalized himself in temples, statues, and other memorials throughout Egypt, Nubia, and the Levant. Ramesses II, also known as Rameses and Ramses was the third Pharaoh of the nineteenth dynasty in ancient Egypt and arguably the most powerful ruler Egypt has seen. His family came to power some decades after the reign of Akhenaton . He had several wives and is known to have over one hundred children. What did Ramses III accomplishments? Ramses III sent an army and the Sea Peoples were defeated. So, you are correct in selecting options A and D as accomplishments associated with Ramses II. C. During his reign as pharaoh, Ramses II led the Egyptian army against several enemies including the Hittites, Syrians, Libyans, and Nubians. Ramesses II was born in c. Ramses II Accomplishments 1071 Words | 5 Pages. Ramses al II-lea (cunoscut ca Ramses cel Mare; Ozymandias [1], în greacă) a fost al treilea faraon al celei de- a XIX-a Dinastii a Egiptului, Noul Regat. Abu Simbel is a historic site comprising two massive rock-cut temples in the village of Abu Simbel (Arabic: أبو سمبل), Aswan Governorate, Upper Egypt, near the border with Sudan. The Ramesseum is a monumental funerary temple honouring Ramses II or Ramses the Great. What were some of Ramses II accomplishments? Perhaps the best-known achievements of Ramesses II are his architectural endeavors, building more monuments than any other pharaoh, most notably the Ramesseum and the temples of Abu Simbel south in Aswan. He gave him a house and harem, "prince of Egypt" Ramses participated in. Ramses was named after his grandfather Ramses I who had elevated their non-royal family to royalty through his military prowess. The battle episodes are highlighted in red. Ramses II Timeline. The Mysteries of Pharaoh Ramses II. Ramesses II effectively fulfilled the religious role and duties that were established for all . 2. Endangered by the erection of the Aswan High Dam in the mid-20th century, the temples were disassembled and reconstructed on higher ground. Pharaoh Snefru ruled for 24 years from 2613 to 2589. Ramses started ruling in his early twenties and Ruled for 66 years (reigned 1279 BC-1213BC). Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Was Ramesses II an absolute monarch?Pepi II Neferkare (2284 BC – after 2247 BC, probably either c. Ramesses II is often counted among Ancient Egypt’s greatest pharaohs. History Magazine. 1303 BCE. from . A battle broke out in the fifth year of Ramesses II reign. Birthplace: Egypt Location of death: Egypt Cause of death: unspecified. Learning about the Accomplishments of Ramses II There are many well-known Ancient Egyptian pharaohs, but one of the most popular is Ramses II. After succeeding his father on the throne he lived to be at least 90 years old and claimed to have 100 sons and daughters. 2. C. Ocupație : Faraonul Egiptului Antic. He was 60 years old as well. Dozens of colossal statues of him have survived. The temple is decorated with reliefs featuring scenes from. He ruled Egypt for almost ten years, from late July or early August 1213 BC until his death on 2 May 1203 BC, according to contemporary historical records. What was the name all pharaohs shared from 1303 BC to 1085 BC? Ramses (Ramesses) - by Ramses I through Ramses XI in the 19th and 20th dynasties. As pharaoh Ramses II was the military leader and with his skills he was victorious. Introduction. The granite statue of Ramesses II, from his mortuary temple, the Ramesseum in western Thebes, is one of the largest pieces of Egyptian sculpture in the Museum. Ramses the II was born 1303 B. C. Ramses II, La veritable histoire" so either the abridgement or the translation could be responsible. Born around 1295 bce; died in 1256 bce (some sources cite 1255); married Ramses II, king of Egypt (r. So proud was Ramesses II of this campaign that he had the poem, which details his personal valor. Ramses II Biography Reading Comprehension WorksheetsThis download includes differentiated biographies of Ramses II, the pharaoh who ruled ancient Egypt from 1279 to 1213 BC. Ramses the II ruled egypt for sixty-seven years in total. 17. Ramesses Leadership Style. He was pharaoh, or king of Egypt, from 1279 BCE until his death. , and his celebrity status has endured ever since. The king lived for 99 years. One of the most important and charismatic was undoubtedly Ramesses II. Also known as Ramesses the Great, the son of Seti I was born in 1303 BC and lived into his 90s, an amazing feat in the ancient world. Hatshepsut, born in 1507 BCE, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh and one of the most influential female rulers in history. Moses - Exodus, Ten Commandments, Israelites: Ramses II became king as a teenager and reigned for 67 years. Other queens whose names. Two scientists have recreated the face of Pharaoh Ramses II. He was also known as Ramses the Great because he was such a great pharaoh. Temple of Ramses II. Updated: 01/04/2022 Ramses II Ramses II lived from roughly 1300 to 1213 BCE. 1. Tags: 19th Dynasty Mummy New Kingdom NMEC Ramesses II. Ramses the II was crowned to be pharaoh of egypt in 1279 B. Ramses II had many accomplishments as pharaoh, such as peace with the Hittites, building temples, and. ), later called Pi-Ramesses. A murit : 1213 î. 17. He was also known as Ramses the Great because he was such a great pharaoh. This Pharaoh, also known as Ramesses II or Ozymandias, ruled for 66 years during the 19th Dynasty and made significant contributions to ancient Egyptian history. He had several consorts including Nefertari, Meritamen, and Henutmire. The Phoenicians also used some of the hieroglyphics symbols to make their own language. Ramses was named after the great pharaoh Ramses I, who was his grandfather. During the last years of. (2 points) Water scarcity is the--- of ---- resources to meet the-----4 answers;Upon the death of her husband and half-brother Thutmose II, she ruled initially as regent to her stepson Thutmose III, who inherited the throne at the age of two. When Ramses was 14 years old, his older brother died. Ramesses Leadership Style. Ramses II’s interest in architecture resulted in the erection of more monuments than any of the other ancient Egyptian pharaohs . He led his forces to victory over the Hittites at Kadesh,. Ramses II Ramses II Usermaatre Setepenre, was born around the time period 1303 B. E. Dynasty: 19. It is situated on the western bank of Lake Nasser, about 230 km (140 mi) southwest of Aswan (about 300 km (190 mi) by road). He is thought to have reigned from 26 March 1186 to 15 April 1155 BC and is considered to be the last great monarch of the New Kingdom to wield any substantial authority over Egypt. Ramses II, from the collection of the New York Public. So proud was Ramesses II of this campaign that he had the poem, which details his personal valor. He ruled for almost 54 years. 525 BCE). Zahi Hawass Responds to Scientist’s Claims About Ramses II’s Accomplishments. Egypt paid the price. In addition to his wars with the Hittites and Libyans, he is known for his extensive building programs and for the many colossal. Ramses II was considered so important in antiquity that no fewer than 11 of his successors also took Ramses as their regnal name, and it is probably the accomplishments of Ramses II far more than. This article will provide an in-depth look at the life and accomplishments of Ramses II. The north-western frontier was bolstered. stated in. The battle of Kadesh started just five years after Ramesses II started ruling Egypt. Ramses II Biography: Architectural Accomplishments. -built monuments added to -was female pharaoh -Ramses II accomplishments Showing results 101 through 200 of 11,828. Ramses II lead Egypt from 1290 BC up until 1224 BC. Egypt paid the price. (2 points) Water scarcity is the--- of ---- resources to meet the-----4 answers;Upon the death of her husband and half-brother Thutmose II, she ruled initially as regent to her stepson Thutmose III, who inherited the throne at the age of two. Now, you can drag and drop the accomplishments listed above into the. Ramesses II’s reign (c. Ramses, also spelled Ramesses or Rameses, was a highly popular ruler, and under him Egypt enjoyed great prosperity. Ramesses II Timeline. Kadesh is inscribed on the walls of his temple. It was that, combined with his prowess in war as depicted in the temples, that led the. A great warrior, he was also the builder of some of Egypt's most famous monuments. King Ramses the 2nd was known as the 'Keeper of Harmony and Balance, Strong in Right, Elect of Ra’. Thutmose III is the son of Thutmose II. Biography”). It is mostly believed that Ramses II died at the age of 90 or 91. In the 19th Dynasty of Egypt, Ramses II was the third pharaoh. Ramses II Accomplishments 1071 Words | 5 Pages. History Magazine. CRAZY FOR EMMA WATSNON. Biography”). [6] He was the third Pharaoh of the Nineteenth dynasty. Pepi II Neferkare (2284 BC – after 2247 BC, probably either c. Ramesses II started his reign at a very young age. His reign lasted for 66 years. 1080 Words. There are many well-known Ancient Egyptian pharaohs, but one of the most popular is Ramses II. Thutmose II reigned during 1493 to 1479 B C, which is where he. Ramses II, commonly known as Ramesses the Great, was a prominent pharaoh of ancient Egypt who ruled during the 13th century BC. C. Thutmose III is the son of Thutmose II. Ramses II commissioned an almost unparalleled amount of building projects at home. Under his idiosyncratic rule, the capital was moved from Thebes to Akhetaton (Tell el-Amarna), where clay tablets (Amarna Letters) were discovered that provide insight into his diplomatic relations. He is thought to have reigned from 26 March 1186 to 15 April 1155 BC and is considered to be the last great monarch of the New Kingdom to wield any substantial authority over Egypt. Plan drawing of Temple of Ramses II. It is estimated that around 5,000 chariots were used in the Battle of Kadesh. Ramesses II Timeline. He made huge donations of land to the most important temples in Thebes, Memphis, and Heliopolis. He oversaw a period of great prosperity for Egypt. Temple of Hathor. The Egyptian King Ramses II is best known as the biblical evil Pharaoh who freed his nation's Hebrew slaves only after a series of ugly plagues convinced him the gods really, really, really. Ramses II, known as 'the Great,' was born about 1303 BC and died in the year 1213 BC, son of Seti I and Queen Tuya, the third pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt. Answer ID 3998676. This isn't really surprising because he had accomplished a lot of things during his time. Ramses II, commonly known as “Ramses the Great,” is one of the most famous pharaohs of Egypt. Ramses II was a great ruler. The Statue of Ramesses II is a 3,200-year-old figure of Ramesses II, depicting him standing. Early in his reign, he constructed a new capital, Piramesse, in the. The name 'Seti' means "of Set", which indicates that he was consecrated to the god (also termed "Sutekh" or. Ramses II is known for building monuments, fighting battles and acquiring territory, and establishing a trading route with the Greeks. The Egyptian farmers blocked floods from the Nile. He had previously defeated pirates who plagued the Delta region. He ruled for an incredible 66 years, and during his reign he accomplished many amazing feats. 1275-1225 BC. Learning about the Accomplishments of Ramses II There are many well-known Ancient Egyptian pharaohs, but one of the most popular is Ramses II. You will receive your score and. Following the work done on Tutankhamun, the face of another of one of Ancient Egypt’s greatest pharaohs has been revealed. His family came to power some decades after the reign of Akhenaton . Non-battle episodes, such as the return march after battle and. 1069-c. He built on a monumental scale to ensure that his legacy would survive the ravages of time. It's a lavishly presented volume, illustrated with both photographs and artists' copies of temple scenes. C. Abu Simbel, site of two temples built by the Egyptian king Ramses II, located in ancient times at pharaonic Egypt’s southern frontier facing Nubia. Rameses II (right 19th dynasty), son of Seti I, was around thirty years old when he became king of Egypt – and then reigned for 67 years. by Cave cattum. Ramses II had fought in a lot of battles his most famous one is the battle of Kadesh. He was ranked as a captain of the army when he was just ten years old. He ascended the throne around the age of 14 and would go on. In fact , it's suspect that the Pharaoh in the Exodus is Amenhotep II , due to some circunstances , like how he suddenly ceased military. He signed the first known peace treaty in the world. The Abu Simbel Temples are one of the most special places in Egypt. Ramesses was groomed for succeeding his father from a young age. His tomb was the largest and most extravagant of all sepulchers in the Valley of the Kings. From the number and scale of his monuments, and length of his reign, he is one of the most important rulers of Egypt. Este considerat cel mai cunoscut și cel mai mare faraon al Egiptului antic. Finally, the pharaoh died at the age of 90, before being placed in a wooden sarcophagus in the shape of an Osirian statue, itself placed at the bottom of a tomb dug into a hill in the Valley of the Kings in southern Egypt. Ramses II set out in his fourth year as king to reestablish Egypt’s imperial holdings in Asia, much of which had been lost to the Hittites. Ramesses II, the third pharaoh of the 19 th Dynasty, ascended the throne of Egypt during his late teens in 1279 BC following the death of his father, Seti I. Rameses became the third king of the 19th Dynasty at the age of 25. He ruled for an incredible 66 years, and during his reign he accomplished many amazing feats. Biography of Ramses II, Pharaoh of Egypt's Golden Age Early Life and Reign. This isn't really surprising because he had accomplished a lot of things during his time. C. He was looked upon in the Egyptian empire as the greatest pharaoh with Later. He gave him a house and harem, "prince of Egypt" Ramses participated in. Manually Create Citations > Reference > Encyclopedia. What accomplishments did Ramses the Great have? Perhaps the best-known achievements of Ramesses II are his architectural endeavors, building more monuments than any other pharaoh, most notably the Ramesseum and the temples of Abu Simbel south in Aswan. E. 06 MILES. His subjects called him ‘Userma’atre’setepenre’ or the ‘Keeper of Harmony and Balance, Strong in Right. We will explore his rise to power, his many military campaigns, and his construction projects. He is famous today because he built more statues and monuments than any other Pharaoh. As the eldest son of Seti I, he inherited his throne with little difficulty, and took over Egypt upon his father's death in 1279. Ruling at the height of Egypt’s imperial era, he strove to maintain his father’s conquests by physical and military skills. He's so old that no written work about him survives. Ramesses used art as a means of propaganda for his victories over foreigners, which are depicted on numerous. Ramses II Accomplishments 1071 Words | 5 Pages. Words may be used once or not at all. Under his rule, the Egyptian kingdom flourished and prospered. After his death, the Egyptians called him Great Ancestor and he remained one of the most popular pharaohs in Egyptian history. 06 MILES. There was a day of carnage as some 5,000 chariots charged into the fray, but no outright victor. Ramesses II fought the Hittites and signed the world's first official peace treaty. He ruled for almost 54 years. The Temple of Hathor has a rock-cut facade fronted by six 10m-high…. These are proof of the use of the Greek alphabet by the Egyptians. Since 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Ramesses II has received more than 9,989,858 page views. In one of the world’s largest chariot battles, fought beside the Orontes River, Pharaoh Ramses II sought to wrest Syria from the Hittites and recapture the Hittite-held city of Kadesh. Mga Bata : Amun-her-khepsef, Ramses, Meritamen, Bintanath,. Ramesses I. For which of the following is the great pharaoh Ramses II known? Drag and drop the accomplishments to the box. Plan of the war scenes of Ramesses II on the south exterior wall of the Hypostyle Hall at Karnak. Ramesses II (The Great, 1279-1213 BCE) ruled Egypt for 67 years and, today, the Egyptian landscape still bears testimony to the prosperity of his reign in the many temples and monuments he had built in honor of his conquests and accomplishments. He undertook an unparalleled building programme, had over one hundred children. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000. Ramesses II is known as one of Egypt's greatest pharaohs - nine further pharaohs tried to emulate his success by taking his name. His home lay near Avaris, a town in northern Egypt situated on the far side of the great fan-like Nile Delta from where Alexandria sits today (see. Facts About Ramses II. 1303 BCE. He was the third king of the 19th dynasty, during the New Kingdom. Seti is often seen as the Egyptian Pharaoh in the Biblical Moses story. He ruled Egypt from 1279 BC to 1213 BC. Although unknown for most of history, in the past 100 years her accomplishments have achieved global recognition. Ramses II decided to finish it. To start from the beginning, Ramesses II was the third pharaoh of his dynasty; he born in the family of Seti I and his wife Tuya in c. Ramses II ruled Egypt for 67 years. A battle broke out in the fifth year of Ramesses II reign. He died around the age of 30 and his body was found in the Deir el-Bahri Cache. By sheer determination he fought his way out, but in the light of. Fast Facts about Ramesses II. Answer and Explanation:What were Ramses 2 accomplishments? Perhaps the best-known achievements of Ramesses II are his architectural endeavors, building more monuments than any other pharaoh, most notably the Ramesseum and the temples of Abu Simbel south in Aswan. Ramses II was one of the most powerful and impressive pharaohs of ancient Egypt. (discoveryegypt. The temple also popular because of its two large seated statues of the pharaoh and its huge Ramses II statue (which used to stand at 56. Hatshepsut, female king of Egypt (reigned in her own right c. Ramses II was the third most significant pharaoh in Ancient Egypt because of what he did. 20K . The Great Temple of Ramses II was also dedicated to the sun gods Amon-Re,. Ramsés II, Abu Simbel. C. Ramses II was born in 1303 BC and died in 1213 BC. (wikipedia) Thutmose III lived from 1504 B. He became the coregent of Horemheb, the last king of the 18th dynasty, who died without an heir. - Mini battles: Ramses II participated in numerous military campaigns and is considered one of the most successful military leaders in Egyptian history. The areas of the faces of a rectangle box are 48 m2, 96 m2, and 288 m2. Little is known about him and he is overshadowed by his father Thutmose I, half-sister and wife Hatshepsut, and son Thutmose III. Ramesses' building accomplishments are two. Usermaatre Meryamun Ramesses III (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty in Ancient Egypt. Egypt's best-known monarchs such as Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Amenhotep III, Akhenaten, Tutankhamun, Ramesses II (the Great), and Ramesses III all reigned during this time and some of the most famous monuments and temples – such as the Colossi of Memnon and the Temple. He also had an unusually long reign — he. Ramses's father was Seti I, and his mother was Tuya the queen. Ramses II. He Lived an Extremely Long Time Ago. He was the third pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty, the son of Seti I and grandson of Ramesses I, who was pharaoh only a. When Ramses II ruled there were many battles and it was a time of. Ramses II was one of the most prolific pharaohs in Ancient Egyptian history. King Seti I gave the crown to Prince Ramses who turned to Ramses II. It seems like Ramses II was an admired pharaoh, both during and after his lifetime. He led his forces to victory over the Hittites at Kadesh, signed a peace treaty with them, and married their princess. Ramses II was a powerful and influential pharaoh who built more monuments and sired more children than any other Egyptian king. Encyclopædia Universalis ID. -built monuments added to -was female pharaoh -Ramses II accomplishments. Pepi II's reign marked a sharp decline. Ramses Ii Accomplishments Essay: ID 14317. So, the accomplishments of Ramses II can be associated with "Acquired territory" and "Established trading routes with Greeks. to March 11, 1425 B. Also known as Ramesses the Great, the son of Seti I was born in 1303 BC and lived into his 90s, an amazing feat in the ancient world. New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty, reign of Ramesses II, ca. 12 Customer reviews. This battle lead to Ramesses II first peace treaty. After succeeding his father on the throne he lived to be at least 90 years old and claimed to have 100 sons and daughters. Questions (11,828) Drag and drop the words into the correct locations. C. [2] Succesorii săi și poporul egiptean l-au supranumit „Marele predecesor” și-l numesc, și astăzi, cu. 2184 BC) was a pharaoh of the Sixth Dynasty in Egypt's Old Kingdom who reigned from c. Regarded by many historians as Egypt’s most powerful pharaoh, Ramesses II reigned for six decades (c. He built the Ramesseum and the Abu Simbel temples, and fought the Hittites in the Battle of Kadesh. 0. 10 Facts About Ramses II 1. Ramesses II is one of these pharaohs which is regarded as the greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh. Ramesses was also known as Userma’atre’setepenre, or, ‘Keeper of Harmony and Balance’, a fitting moniker for such a legendary figure. Dynasty: 19. He was a member of the 19th dynasty and is considered one of the most powerful and influential Pharaohs in Egyptian history. She died in the twenty-fourth year of his reign. Endangered by the erection of the Aswan High Dam in the mid-20th century, the temples were disassembled and reconstructed on higher ground. after his. Print. 1353–1336 or 1351–1334 BC, the tenth ruler of the Eighteenth Dynasty. It's well-known for its impressive pylon (the entrance of the building), which is carved with images that refer to Ramses II's military campaigns and victories. Hatshepsut, female king of Egypt (reigned in her own right c. E-1213 B. James is an excellent resource on the pharaoh Ramesses II (or Ramesses the Great). Akhenaten (pronounced / ˌ æ k ə ˈ n ɑː t ən /), also spelled Akhenaton or Echnaton (Ancient Egyptian: ꜣḫ-n-jtn ʾŪḫə-nə-yātəy, pronounced [ˈʔuːχəʔ nə ˈjaːtəj], meaning "Effective for the Aten"), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh reigning c. The Phoenicians also used some of the hieroglyphics symbols to make their own language. This isn't really surprising because he had accomplished a lot of things during his time. Thutmose III was the warrior king of Egypt 's 18th dynasty. The Mysteries of Pharaoh Ramses II. In actuality, his third son, not his first, was his immediate successor. Ramses II was a formidable military leader, engaging in numerous military campaigns and expanding the Egyptian Empire to its greatest extent. Facts about Ramses II 4: the death. When the young Ramses came to power, 1300 years had already passed since the time of the Fourth Dynasty, the dynasty that is traditionally associated with the famous pyramids and Sphinx of the Giza plateau. C. While the civilization itself lasted for millennia, Egypt reached the height of its military and political power in the New Kingdom period (ca. Read More. He expanded the. Article. New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty, reign of Ramesses II, ca. Although Snefru was most known for his ruling, he built 3 pyramids which are “The Bent. The Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II had at least 88 children and had 8 wives. 1473–58 bce) who attained unprecedented power for a woman, adopting the full titles and regalia of a pharaoh. He also had an unusually long reign — he. Ramesses apparently made no distinctions between the offspring of his first two principal wives, Nefertari and Isetnofret. Ramses II was a pharaoh of Egypt during the New Kingdom Era. Ramses II was the third most significant pharaoh in Ancient Egypt because of what he did. 1. While investigating facts about Cambyses Ii Cats and Ramses Ii Death, I found out little known, but curios details like:. Today Ramses II is probably best known for leaving behind a monumental set of works—palaces, temples, statues, stelae—each one extolling his pharaonic. 1213 BCE) either between 1264 - 1244 BCE or 1244-1224 BCE. Modern scholars have inconclusively. 13 Interesting Facts About Ramses II. (wikipedia) Thutmose III lived from 1504 B. A second box is cubical and each of its faces has area. Ramses II was the third pharaoh of the nineteenth dynasty and he was also known as Ramses the Great. He certainly saw himself that way: he spent most of his reign covering his kingdom in monuments dedicated to himself. E. The New Kingdom (c. to 1425 B. This isn't really surprising because he had accomplished a lot of things during his time. He also had an unusually long reign — he. Ramses II: Facts, Accomplishments & Death. Since he was so significant, they had a festival were the people turned him into a god. Ramses II - Often called Ramses the Great, he ruled Egypt for 67 years. He is the mightiest third pharaoh of the 19th dynasty of Egypt. Download Full Size Image. Ramses, also spelled Ramesses or Rameses, was a highly popular ruler, and under him Egypt enjoyed great prosperity. . Abu Simbel is an ancient temple complex, originally cut into a solid rock cliff, in southern Egypt and located at the second cataract of the Nile River. He had eight wives and about one hundred children. The temple also popular because of its two large seated statues of the pharaoh and its huge Ramses II statue (which used to stand at 56. Ramses II Accomplishments. He also built some monuments and led two other campaigns. He was a member of the 19th dynasty and is considered one of the most powerful and influential Pharaohs in Egyptian history. Seti I, a pharaoh of the New Kingdom Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt, was considered to be a brave warrior and a great king. When his father died, Ramses took over the leadership and led his military to restore and protect Egyptian borders and trades. The. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000. Learn about Ramses II, the third king of the 19th dynasty of ancient Egypt, who ruled for 1279 years and built many monuments and statues. Ramses the II was the third pharaoh in the nineteenth dynasty. Ramses II. Ramses II | Britannica Online. Ramses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, was one of the most prominent pharaohs of ancient Egypt who ruled for 66 years from 1279 to 1213 BC.